Electric-arc light



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

R.M.H UNTER. ELECTRIC ARC LIGHT.

3H 9 00 1 1 I E P A" a n 6 a P. L I I 2 a .L 6 A. 5. 1 0 N (No Model.) 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. M. HUNTER. ELECTRIC ARC LIGHT.

Patented Apr. 11, 1893.

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v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLPH M. HUNTER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THETHOMSON-HOUSTON ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF CONNECTICUT.

ELECTRIC-ARC LIGHT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 495,461, dated April11, 1893.

Application filed August 28, 1892. Serial No. 443,842. (No model.)

T at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH M. HUNTER, of the city and county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement inElectric Lights, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has reference to the construction and operation of electriclamps, and consists of certain improvements which are fully IO set forthin the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawingswhich form a part thereof.

This application, Case No. 224, h as particular reference to theconstruction and operation of electric lamps especially adapted for theillumination of distant obj ects,but is excellently adapted to use forstereoptican work and lighting generally.

Prior to my invention it has been custommy to construct lamps of thesearch light character with a focusing lamp and reflector arrangedwithin a suitable casing having a plain glass front and mounted upon astandard through the media of a universal joint, whereby the light may,be projected in any direction desired. Such lamps are commonly employedupon ships as search lights. In their operation, the distance to whichthey can throw their light is limited;

0 and the light not intense enough, at any great distance, to enable theeye to discern the object upon which the light has been projected. Inthese lamps, the rays of light diverge as they leave the lamp so as tocover a sufficient 5 area at a given distance and at the same time toproperly illuminate the object to such an extent as to render itperceptible. Furthermore, all of the rays of light which are directlyprojected from the arc radiate from said are as a center, and the mostintense light of the lamp is thus dispersed uselessly in all directions.The only light which directly reaches the object are those rays whichare projected from the are upon the centerline of the beam 5 of lightand those rays which are reflected from the parabolic reflector. Theseare but a few of the entire rays of light emitted from the arc.

The object of my invention is to overcome 5c the existing objections tothe above form of search light, and also the existing objections tofocusing lamps generally as commonly employed in stereopticon and otherwork.

In carrying out myinvention I may employ a focusing lamp of anysuitableconstruction, though I prefer the general character of the lamp set outin my patent No. 478,510, and dated July 5,1892,with the improvementshere inafter set outwherein a central horizontal carbon is employed inconnection with a vertical carbon moving transversely to the length ofthe horizontal carbon. By the employment of such a lamp, the rays oflight are all projected from the crater of the horizontal carbondirectly toward the object but without the necessity of any reflector.In connection with this lamp I employ a condensing lens for receivingthe radiating rays of lightfrom the arc and preferably bending them to aparallel or nearly parallel condition before projecting them upon thedistant object, which may be a few yards or several miles distant. Ihave found in practice that with an are incapable of projecting itslight more than a very limited distance in former lamp constructions, Ican by this structure project the beam upon a very distant object, andilluminate it with such intensity that it is clearly discerned. I havealso found that an object maybe illuminated in this manner with a smallare at so great distance that a telescope or field glass is necessary tothe observer to discern the brightly illuminated object, since thedistance to which the beam of light may be projected while maintainingits intensitv is so great that the eye cannot make out the objectunaided. The apparatus is so designed in its preferred form that thebrilliancy of the arc is automatically maintained, and its focal pointretained at a fixed position relatively to the condensing lens. The lampand the lens structure is preferably supported upon a stand in anysuitable manner with provision for universal movement whereby the beammay be projected in any direction. The beam of light is thereforeconcentrated, and is intense in its character, and by means of suitablemechanical devices it is caused to be rapidly moved ovcra considerablearea at the distant end, so that it traverses the entire length andheight of the object to be illuminated, and thereby permits the entireobject to be observed. My objects are particularly to throw anintensified light upon an object near at hand, to illuminate objects atvery great distances, and to produce a steady intense and-uniformprojected light particularly adapted to stereoptican work. The vibrationof the beam of light is preferably produced by vibrating the condensingor focusing lens, and this may be performed by means of an electricmotor suitably arranged upon the lamp as hereinafter set forth. Thefeeding of the carbons may also be made automatic and be controlledbytheoperation of an electric motor, which is itself controlled by theresistance of the arc of the lamp.

The details of construction are fullyset out hereinafter, and may begreatly varied while carrying out the general features of the invention.

In the drawings:-Figure l is a side elevation of an electric lamp (withthe casingindi cated in dotted lineslembodying myinvention. Fig. 2. is aplain view of the upper part of the lamp with the feeding mechanism forthe vertical carbon and the journals broken away and with the condensinglens indicated in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a portionof the lamp showing the feeding mechanism for the carbons. Fig. 4 is alongitudinal section of the. regulator for maintaining a uniform are.Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a modified arrangement of the circuitsfor controlling the feeding of the carbons. Fig. 6 is a frontelevation-of the frame for holding the condensing lens; and Fig. 7 is aplan view of the cam wheel for producing the lateral vibrations of thecondensing lens. I

A is the main frame of the lamp, and is pivoted to a support It uponhorizontal trunnions in the usual way. The support R is secured to avertical stem rjournaled upon a vertical axis in the standard R. Thestem r is provided with two collector rings R electrically connectedwith the terminals of the lamp. Suitable brushes leading from the sourceof supply deliver the current to the rings R as indicated at the bottomof Sheet 1.

Secured to the main frame A are two rods B forming guides. Fitted tothese guides with provision for longitudinal movement thereon is a frame0. forming part of the lamps. This frame 0 is moved upon the said guidesby means of a shaft K havinga screw thread 7:; Workingin an aperture inthe main frame A. By turning the shaft K in one direction or the otherthe frame 0 may be moved to the right or to the left. (Fig. 1.)

D is a frame supported upon the frame 0 in suitable transverse guidesvery similar to a slight rest, and is made laterally adjustable by thehand operated screw d. The frames D O Virtually form the entire lampframe. This provision for lateral adj ustment of frame D permits slightlateral adjustment to the carbon holders so as to bring the arctransversely into the focal point of the condensing lens. The frame Dsupports two solenoidsF F, a section through one of which is indicatedin Fig. 4. Working within these solenoids are hollow cores E which aresecured to a carbon holder E and move as a unit. A spring 0 fits withinthe solenoids and the hollow core and may be adjusted as to its tensionby means of a screw 0. By this construction a long spring is permittedto be used with a comparatively short solenoid and a more uniform andextended action is obtained upon the core and carbon holder.

The carbon holder E may be supported by means of two guides e. Thecarbon holder is insulated from the frame D and its guides e, andcarries the horizontal carbon e which projects longitudinally or in thedirection of the axis of the beam of light. The positive carbon 6receives current from the .source of electric energy T by circuits t,which in cludes the solenoid F, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5.

The frame D is provided with an oblique guide frame Dand an obliqueguide D upon which is guided a carriage G, said carriage being providedwith a carbon holder H in which a carbon his held at substantially rightangles to the carbon e.

A screw threaded shaft I carried by the frame D is employed to move thecarriage obliquely up and down its guides D D The lower or rear end ofthe screw threaded shaft I is loosely fitted to a shaft 1' which latteris connected with the shaft K by bevel gearing. The lower end of theshaft '5 is supported in bearings rigidly connected with the outerbearings of the shaft K so. as to hold the gearing in proper relativepositions. The loose connection between the parts I andt' enables theslight lateral adjustment of the frame D upon the frame 0 withoutinterfering with the proper operation of the feeding screw I.

The shaft K may be operated by an insulated hand wheel K where theapparatus is to be hand operated, or by means of an electric motor wherethe apparatus is to'be automatic in its action. The motor constructionis clearly indicated in Fig. 3, and will be now described. The ordinaryregulation for maintaining the size of the are between the carbons h eisperformed by the solenoid Fand spring 0, but as the carbons burn away itis necessary to revolve the shafts I and K to properly feed the carbonsh downward toward the carbon e, and to feed the carbon holder of thehorizontal carbon and the lamp frame forward so as to maintain the arcat the focal point of the condensing lens. The construction is such thatthe feeding screw K moves the frame D toward the condensing lens M ateXactlythe same speed as the carbon h is moved backward with respect tosaid frame. This feeding of the frame and negative carbon may beperformed by the hand wheel K or by any automatic devices, such forinstance as the apparatus indicated in either Figs. 3 or 5.

Referring to Fig. 3 Ihave the carbon holder E of the horizontal carbon 6provided with an insulated contact working in connection with astationary contact on the frame 0 to form a circuit closing switch T.\Vhen the carbon E is consumed to such an extent that its holder E ismoved to the greatest extent toward the vertical carbon hin its endeavorto maintain the arc, the circuit will be closed through the switch T,and a current from the battery or any suitable source of electric energyof small current T will traverse the circuit and operate the electriccircuit closers T W hen these circuits close, a current will flow overthe circuit U leading from the source of electric energy T and operatethe electric motor S carried upon the frame 0. This electric motor S, bysuitable gearing of any description .9, for instance, operates the shaft2', and this in turn rotates the shafts I and K. Any other suitableautomatic method of operating these shafts may be resorted to ifdesired, as I do not limit myself to any particular apparatus for thispurpose. I have preferred in practice to use an electric motor as beingpositive and quick in action. By employing a source of power of smallcurrent t contact T may be employed without becoming fused and apowerful switch I for the motor may be operated by the current in thecircuit t. This will prevent any interference with the proper operationof the carbon holder E and its cores E. If desired the switch T may beoperated directly upon the circuit U as indicated in Fig. 5, but this isundesirable in view of the possibility of excessive sparking. Aresistance changer S may be employed in the circuit U or in any othersuitable manner in connection with the motor S to control its speed.Furthermore this resistance changer is provided with a movable partwhich when fully thrown back opens the circuit U and may arrest therotation of the motor, permitting the lamp to be hand regulated in allconditions. By making the carbon holder for an extended or lengthymovement it will compensate itself for all irregularities in thecomposition of the carbons, and prevent the possibility of the uppercarbon it being thrown down over the crater of the horizontal carbon,which if it occurred would interfere materially with the properprojection of the light upon the condensing lens or from the lamp.

The frame A is provided with uprights L, clearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and6, to which is secured by means of suitable spring bolts U and thecondensing lens the casing M. The condensing lens Mis secured to anadjustable tube m working within the case M and adjustable to and fromthe are by means of the rack and pinion mechanism in. By this means thecondensing lens may be adjustable properly with respect to the are whichis to cause the rays of light passing through it to be made to converge,be projected parallel, be made to cross, or be made to simply diverge asthe case may be.

For lighting up near objects, or where a large area is to beilluminated, it is advisable either to make the rays of light diverge orcross after leaving the condensing lens, whereas in other cases it isadvisable to cause the rays to be projected substantially parallel or tosomewhat converge. All of this adjustment may be made by the rack andpinion mechanism.

0 is an electric motor carried upon the rods B and is provided witheccentrics e upon the ends of its shafts which operate vertical bars Lalso pivoted to the free end of the casing M of the condenser lens. Therotation of the armature shaft causes the casing and the lens to bevibrated vertically upon the spring support so as to vibrate the beam oflight vertically with rapidity. The shaft of the motor is geared to aspur wheel P (Fig. 1), which spur wheel carries a cam P of suitable construction. The cam P operates upon one end of the pivot arm 1) journaledupon the frame supporting the motor and connected at its free end withthe casing M so as to impart thereto a lateral vibration. The springs Nreturn the condensing lens casing to its normal position wheneverpermitted to do so by the cam P and the eccentrics e. If desired, anyother suitable device may be added to more positively insure its action.

The mere details of construction of the mechanism for imparting thevibration of the condensing lens is immaterial, as numerous devices maybe employed to accomplish the same purpose without departing from theprinciples of the essential features of the invention.

The constructions of vibrating devices are clearly illustrated inpending applications of mine, Serial No. 401,388 of August 1, 1891, andSerial No. 405,842 of September 16, 1891, each of which might beemployed in the construction of the lamp shown in place of the vibratingmechanism which I have above described.

The construction for vibrating the lens and reflector in the applicationSerial No. 401,388 is somewhat similar to the one herein described butis devised for varying the extent of the vibrations.

In the construction of my application, Serial No. 405,841, I employ twomotors preferably running at different speeds, one having an eccentricdevice for producing vertical vibration and the other having aneccentric device for producing lateral vibration. The motor 0 ispreferably in parallel with the motor S and the are may be operated bycurrent passing through a motor circuit 0 and controlled by a resistancechanger or rheostat O, the movable part of which may be so arranged asto cut the motor out of action when desired. If the rheostat is operatedto break circuit 0, then the condensing lens 1 remains stationary andthe light may be employed for one use constantly whereby the beam oflight is permitted to cover a large area. Whenever distant objects areto be discerned, and

the area is not large the condensation may be so adjusted as toconcentrate the rays of light upon the object to give an intenseillumina tion to asmall area. If itis desired to illumi: nate a largearea, the rheostat 0' may be operated to put the motor 0 into action andpro-v duce the desired vibration of the beam of light being vibrated.The vibration of the condensing lens might be performed by hand ifdesired, by simply rotating the shaft as in the motor shaft or byrotating the shaft of the spur wheel P in any well known manner. Iprefer, however, to employ an electrical device for this purpose. Arheostat S shown in Fig. 5 maybe employed in the circuit shown in Fig. 3as the difference between the circuits is only to avoid interferencewith the movement of the carbon holder E and does not affect thesimilarity of operation of the motor S.- When employing the condenserlens M a reflector is absolutely useless except so far as asemi-spherical reflector may be used to return anyof the rays of lightbackward upon the arc to cause them to be projected forward. Such areflector is indicated at M in Fig. 1. It is asemi-spherical reflectorhaving its focal point at the arc. It is quite evident from this thatwhatever rays of light pass backward they will be reflected back uponthe same lines and be caused either to produce a more intense are, or topass through the arc and reach the condenser lens to make the beam thetwo carried with the frame A so as to prevent drafts of air upon thearc, keep out the dust and dirt, and protect the operator from the glareof the light. Such a casing is indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Itis pref erable that the condenser case M shall be hinged flexibly,substantially in a transverse plane through or near the arc, as in thatcase the vibration of the lens would be virtually about the are as acenter, and the focal point would not be materially shifted with respectto the lens. The lens may be of large diameter with advantage. It mayalso be of any suitable construction such as is used in stereopticonmagic lanterns, and other construe: tions found on the market.

' I have found that my improved lamp is especially well adapted tostereopticon work where intense and uniform light is required over anextended area to hold the object to be projected upon the screen and inwhich the picture should be uniform in sharpness and clearly definedthroughout the entire illuminatingsurface. Bymyimprovedconstruction thelamp and the are are always maintained at a fixed place, and under nocircumstances can the arc revolve about the carbons as results in thosefocusing lamps employing vertical or substantially vertical carbons. Thevarious adjustments of the lamp relative to the condensing lens enableit to be particularly well adapted to this class of work.

While in describing my apparatus I have spoken of horizontal carbons eandvertical carbons h it is to be understood that the carbon 71 might beat any angle in a plane through the length of the carbon 6. The carbon 6will shift with all adjustments of the lamp upon its horizontaltrunnions and vertical axis. I have therefore used the words horizontaland vertical simply in describing the particular illustrations shown inthe drawings, and to give a more clear understanding of the relativeparts.

I do not confine myself to mere details of construction of any of theparts as it is quite evident that they may be more or less greatlymodified without departing from the principles of the invention.

In this application I do not claim the methodof concentrating the beamof light upon the object to be illuminated, and then vibrating it overthe said object, as that forms subject matter of my application SerialNo.

401,388 filed August 1, 1891.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In an electric lamp, the combination of positive and negative carbonholders, a condensing lens arranged in the path of the projected rays oflight,a semi-spherical reflector arranged in the rear of the arc andhaving its focal point coincident with the focal point of the condensinglens, a support for the carbon holders arranged outside of the spacebetween the condensing lens and reflector, and means to adjust thecondensing lens to and from the arc.

2. In an electric lamp, the combination of positive and negative carbonholders, a fixed support therefor, a condensing lens arranged in thepath of the projected rays of light, a semi-spherical reflector arrangedin the rear of the arc and having its focal point coincident with thefocal point of the condensing lens, means to adjust the condensing lensto or from the arc, and power mechanism for vibrating the condensinglens independently of the carbons and their holders.

3. In an electric lamp, the combination of positive and negative carbonholders, a fixed support therefor, a condensing lens arranged in thepath of the projected rays of light, a semi-spherical reflector arrangedin the rear of the arc and having its focal point coincident with thefocal point of the condensing lens, means to adjust the condensing lensto or from the arc, and power mechanism for vibrating vertically andlaterally the condensing lens independently of the carbons and theirholders.

4. In an electric lamp, the combination of positive and negative carbonholders, a fixed support therefor, a condensing lens arranged in thepath of the projected rays of light, a semi-spherical reflector arrangedin the rear of the arc and having its focal point coincident with thefocal point of the condensing lens, means to adjust the condensing lensto or from the arc, and power mechanism for vibrating vertically andlaterally the condensing lens independently of the carbons with theirholders and in which the vertical vibrations are more rapid than thelateral vibrations.

5. The combination of a focusing electric lamp, combined with a movablecondensing lens holder, a plano-convex condensing lens having the fiatsurface arranged toward the arc of the lamp, and means to vibrate thesaid plano-convex condensing lens and its casing independently of theare of the lamp.

6. The combination of a focusing electric lamp, combined with a movablecondensing lens holder, a plano-convex condensing lens having the fiatsurface arranged toward the arc of the lamp, means to vibrate the saidplano-convex condensing lens and its casing independently of the arc ofthe lamp, and means to adjust the position of the condensing lensrelatively to the are.

7. In an electric lamp, the combination of a horizontal carbon holderhaving a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move the carbonholder, a second carbon holder adapted to move transversely to the firstmentioned carbon holder, feeding devices to feed the second carbonholder, and electric circuits including the two carbon holders theircarbons and the solenoid whereby the arc may be properly maintainedbetween the carbons.

8. In an electric lamp, the combination of a horizontal carbon holderhaving a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move the carbonholder,a second carbon holder adapted to move transversely to the firstmentioned carbon holder, feeding devices to feed the second carbonholder, electric circuits including the two carbon holders their carbonsand the solenoid whereby the arc may be properly maintained between thecarbons, and a condensing lens supported in the path of the projectedlight from the are.

9. In an electric lamp, the combination of a horizontal carbon holderhaving a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move the carbonholder, a second carbon holder adapted to move transversely to the firstmentioned carbon holder, feeding devices to feed the second carbonholder, electric circuits including the two carbon holders their carbonsand the solenoid whereby the arc may be properly maintained between thecarbons, a condensing lens supported in the path of the projected lightfrom the arc, and means to adjust the condensing lens to or from the arcof the carbons held by the carbon holders.

10. In an electric lamp, the combination of a horizontal carbon holderhaving a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move the carbonholder, a second carbon holder adapted to move transversely to the firstmentioned carbon holder, feeding devices to feed the second carbonholder, electric circuits including the two carbon holders their carbonsand the solenoid whereby the arc may be properly maintained between thecarbons, a condensing lens supported in the path of the pro ected lightfrom the are, means to adjust the condensing lens to or from the arc ofthe carbons held by the carbon holders, and means to V1- lorate thecondensing lens substantially about the are as a center.

11. In an electric lamp, the combination of a frame having horizontaland oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontal guides andprovided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move thecarbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, and feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides.

12. In an electric lamp, the combination of a frame having horizontaland oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontal guides andprovided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move thecarbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feeding devicesfor moving the carbon holderupon the oblique guides to or from thecarbon holder upon the horizontal guides, and automatic devicescontrolled by the are for operating the feeding devices to bring thecarbon holders nearer together.

13. In an electric lamp, the combination of a frame having horizontaland oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon a horizontal guide andprovided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core to move thecarbon holder, a carbon holder for the obliq ue guides, feeding devicefor moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or from thecarbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a spring to oppose the actionof the solenoid, and an electric circuit including the solenoid and thecarbon holder therefor.

14. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holderguided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides,aspring to oppose theaction of the solenoid, an adjusting device for varying the tension ofthe spring, and an electric circuit including the solenoid and thecarbon holder therefor.

15. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby 1n the path of the projected rays of light, andmeans to feed the lamp frame having the guides for the carbon holderstoward the condensing lens to maintain the arc at the focal pointthereof.

16. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides,a carbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides -to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby 1n the path of the projected rays of light, meansto feed the lamp frame having the guide for the carbon holders towardthe condensing lens to maintain the are at the focal point'thereof, andmeans to vibrate the condensing lens independent of the carbon holders.

17. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontal.guides and provided with acore, a solenoid acting upon said core to movethe carbon holder, at carbon holder for the obliqueguides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby 1n the path of the projected rays of light, meansto feed the frame having the guides for the carbon holders toward thecondensing lens to maintain the are at the focal point thereof, andfeeding mechanism for the lamp frame whereby the main frame is movedforward upon the main frame at substantially the same rate of speed asthe carbon holder of the oblique guides is moved backward.

18. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon ahorizontalguide and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon saidcore to move the carbon holder, a carbon holder for oblique guides,feeding devices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides toor from the carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, acondensing lens supported thereby in the path of the projected rays oflight, means to feed the lamp frame having the carbon holders toward thecondensing lens to maintain the are at the focal point thereof,connecting devices between the mechanism for feeding the carbon holderfor the oblique guides and feeding mechanism for the lamp frame wherebythe lamp frame is moved forward at substantially the same rate of speedas the carbon holder of the oblique guides is moved backward, andautomatic power devices for operating the feeding devices of the carbonholders to bring the carbon holders relatively toward each otherwhenever the arc becomes too great.

19. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby in the path of the projected rays of light, meansto feed the lamp frame having the carbon holders toward the condensinglens to maintain the are at the focal point thereof, connecting devicesbetween the mechanism for feeding the carbon holder for the obliqueguides and the feeding mechanism for the lamp frame whereby the lampframe is moved forward at substantially the same rate of speed as thecarbon holder of the oblique guides is moved backward, and automaticpower devices for operating the feeding de vices of the carbon holdersto bring the carbon holders toward each other whenever the arc becomestoo great consisting of an electric motor, a circuit for supplyingcurrent thereto, and switch mechanism for controlling the said circuitoperated by the movements of the horizontal carbon holder.

20. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique, guides, carbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby in the path of the projected rays of light, meansto feed the lamp frame having the carbon holders toward thecondensinglens to maintain the are at the focal point thereof,connecting devices between the mechanism for feeding the carbon holderfor the oblique guides and feeding mechanism for the lamp frame wherebythe lamp frame is moved forward at substantially the same rate of speedas the carbon holder of the oblique guides is moved backward, automaticpower devices for operating the feeding devices of the carbon holders tobring the carbon holders toward each other Whenever the arc becomes toogreat consisting of an electric motor a circuit for supplying currentthereto and switch mechanism for controlling the said circuit operatedby the movements of the horizontal carbon holder, said mechanismconsisting of an electric switch for the motor circuit, a source ofsmall electric power, a circuit including the source of small power, anda circuit closer directly operated by the carbon holder.

21. In an electric lamp, the combination of IIO a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, acarbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solen- 01d acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for movingthe carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, con necting devicesbetween the mechanism for feeding the carbon holder for the obliqueguides, feeding mechanism for the lamp frame whereby the lamp frame ismoved forward at substantially the same rate of speed as the carbonholder of the oblique guides is moved backward, and means to vibrate thecondensing lens.

22. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder for the oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby in the path of the projected rays of light, meansto feed the lamp frame having the carbon holders toward the condensinglens to maintain the are at the focal point thereof, connecting devicesbetween the mechanism for feeding the carbon holder for the obliqueguides and feeding mechanism for the lamp frame, whereby the lamp frameis moved forward at substantially the same rate of speed as the carbonholder of the oblique guides is moved backward, and means to vibrate thecondensing lens both vertically and horizontally.

23. In an electric lamp, the combination of a lamp frame havinghorizontal and oblique guides, a carbon holder guided upon horizontalguides and provided with a core, a solenoid acting upon said core tomove the carbon holder, a carbon holder forthe oblique guides, feedingdevices for moving the carbon holder upon the oblique guides to or fromthe carbon holder upon the horizontal guides, a main frame, a condensinglens supported thereby in the path of the projected rays of light, meansto feed the lamp frame having the carbon holders toward the condensinglens to maintain the are at the focal point thereof, connecting devicesbetween the mechanism for feeding the carbon holder for the obliqueguides, and feeding mechanism for the lamp frame whereby the lamp frameis moved forward at substantially the same rate of speed as the carbonholder of the oblique guides is moved backward, and adjusting devicesfor adjusting the carbon holders transversely with respect to thecondensing lens and independently of their movement to or from saidlens.

24. In an arc lamp, the combination of a frame, a solenoid secured tosaid frame, a core arranged horizontally and guided in said solenoid, acarbon holder for a horizontal carbon secured to said core, obliqueguides carried by the frame, a movable carriage having a carbon holderfor the carbon at an angle to the first mentioned carbon, means to feedthe carriage obliquely with respect to the first mentioned carbon andits holder, and an electric circuit including the solenoid and the twocarbons and their holders.

2-5. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a solenoid securedto said lamp frame, a core arranged horizontally and guided in saidsolenoid, a carbon holder for a horizontal carbon secured to said core,oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movable carriage having acarbon holder for the carbon at an angle to the first mentioned carbon,means to feed the carriage obliquely with respect to the first mentionedcarbon and its holder, an electric circuit including the solenoid andthe two carbons and their holders, a main frame, means to feed thecarbon holding lamp frame longitudinally upon the main frame, and acondensing lens supported by the said main frame.

26. In an are light, the combination of a lamp frame, a solenoidsecured'to said lamp frame, a core arranged horizontally and guided insaid solenoid, a carbon holder for the horizontal carbon secured to saidcore, oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movable carriagehaving a carbon holder for the carbon at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon, and movable obliquely with respect to the first mentioned carbonand its holder, an electric circuit including the solenoid and the twocarbons and their holders, a main frame, a condensing lens supported bythe said main frame, and means to simultaneously feed the carriage onthe oblique guide backward and the lamp frame of the carbon holdersforward so as to maintain the are at afixed distance from the condensinglens.

27. In an are light, the combination of a lamp frame, a solenoid securedto said lamp frame, a core arranged horizontally and guided in saidsolen0id,a carbon holder for a horizontal carbon secured to said core,oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movable carriage having acarbon holder for the carbon at an angle to the first mentioned carbonand movable obliquely with respect to the first mentioned carbon and itsholder, an electric circuit including the solenoid and the two carbonsand their holders, a main frame, means to feed the carbon holding lampframe longitudinally upon the supporting frame, a condensing lenssupported by the said main frame, and an electric power devicecontrolled by the arc to simultaneously feed the carriage on the obliqueguide backward and the lamp frame of the carbon holders forward so as tomaintain the are at a fixed distance from the condensing lens.

28. The combination of the horizontal carbon holder E having a hollowcore E, a stationary solenoid F, a coil spring 0 arranged means tosupport a second carbon at an angle to the carbon supported in thehorizontal holder E, an electric circuit including the solenold and thetwo carbons, and means to feed the last mentioned or second carbonsupport obllquely with. respect to the horizontal carbon holder.

30. In an arc lamp, the combination of a frame, a holder for one of thecarbons carried by the said frame, a carriage or movable part movable atan oblique angle to both carbons, a holder for the other carbon carriedby the carriage or movable part and adapted to support the lastmentioned carbon at an angle to the first mentioned carbon, devices forfeeding the carriage at an oblique angle to-the first mentioned carbonand its holder, and an electrlc regulator for moving the carbon holdercarried by the frame and supporting the first mentloned carbon for thepurpose of moving the said carbon to or from the other carbon toregulate the are.

31. In an arc lamp,-the combination ofa frame, a holder for one of thecarbons suppOrted by said frame, a carriage or movable part,a holder forthe other carbon carried by the carriage or movable part and adapted tohold the last mentioned carbon at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon, feeding devices consisting of a screw for feeding the carriageor movable part at an angle to the first mentioned carbon and itsholder, and an electric regulator for moving the carbon holder sup!ported by the frame for the purpose of moving the carbon thereof to orfrom the'carbon of the holder carried by the carriage or movable part toregulate the are.

32. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame supported upon themain frame, a holder for one of the carbons carried by said lamp frame,a carriage or movable part, a holder for the other carbon carried bysaid carriage or movable part but adapted to hold the last mentionedcarbon at an angle to the first mentioned carbon, feeding devices forfeeding the carriage or movable part at an. angle to the first mentionedcarbon and its holder, a stationary reflector, and means to move thelamp frame so as to maintain the are in the focal point of thereflector.

33. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a holder for one ofthe carbons carried by said lamp frame, a carriage or movable part, aholder for the other carbon carried by the carriage or movable part andadapted to hold the last mentioned carbon at an angle to the firstmentioned carbon, feedin g devices for feeding the carriage at an angleto the first mentioned carbon and its holder, means to control thefeeding devices, and an automatic electric regulator carried by the lampframe for moving the first mentioned carbon holder carried by the lampframe for moving the carbon thereof to or from the other carbon toregulate the arc.

34. In an arc lamp, the combination of the two carbons arranged at anangle to each other, a substantially stationary support for one of thecarbons, a movable support for the other of said'carbons movable at anangle to the stationary carbon, guides for guiding said movable supportat an angle to the stationary carbon, feeding mechanism to feed theobliquely movable carbon support obliquely with respect to the length ofthe other carbon to compensate for the combined consumption of bothcarbons, and an automatic electric regulator to move the first mentionedcarbon to maintain the arc.

35. In an arc lamp, the combination of the two carbons arranged at anangle to each other, a substantially stationary support for one of thecarbons, a movable support for the other of said carbons movable at anangle to the stationary carbon, guides for guiding said movable supportat an angle to the stationary carbon, feeding mechanism to feed theobliquely movable carbon support obliquely with respect to the length ofthe other carbon to compensate for the combined consumption of bothcarbons, a condenser lens through which the rays of light are projected,and means to maintain the lens at a predetermined fixed distance fromthe are formed between the carbons.

36. In an arc lamp, the combination of the two carbons arranged at anangle to each other, a substantially stationary support for one of thecarbons, a movable support for the other of said carbons movable at anangle to the stationary carbon, guides for guiding said movable supportat an angle to the stationary carbon, feeding mechanism to feed theobliquely movable carbon support obliquely with respect to the length ofthe other carbon to compensate for the combined consumption of bothcarbons, a condenser lens through which the rays of light are projected,and means to maintain the lens at a predetermined fixed distance fromthe are formed between the carbons consisting of a feeding screw formoving the carbon support bodily forward at the same rate of speed withthe movable carbon as its support moves rearward.

37. In an arc lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at an angleto each other, feeding mechanism to feed one of the carbons obliquelywith respect to the length of the other to compensate for the combinedconsumption of both carbons, a stationary reflector encircling one ofthe carbons, and means to feed the carbons with respect to thestationary reflector whereby the focal point of the reflector ismaintained at apoint coincident with the focus of the reflector duringthe consumption of the carbons.

38. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for saidcarbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon and adapted to maintain an arc between the extreme ends of thecarbon, means to move the last mentioned carbon bodily in the directionof the length of the first mentioned carbon with a speed commensuratewith the speed of consumption of the said carbons, and an electricregulator to move the first mentioned carbon to regulate the are.

39. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for saidcarbon, a second carbon adapted to maintain an arc between the extremeends of the carbons, means to move the last mentioned carbon bodily inthe direction of the length of the first mentioned carbon and also feedit transversely to the length thereof, and an electric regulator to movethe first mentioned carbon to regulate the arc.

40. In an electric lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at anangle to each other so as to maintain an are between their extreme ends,a holder for each of the carbons, feeding mechanism to move one of theholders in the direction of the length of the carbon of the other holderwhile maintaining the arc, and an electric regulator to move the othercarbon and its holder to cause said carbons to have a relative movementindependent of the feeding movement to regulate the extent of the areautomatically.

41. In an electric lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at anangle to each other so as to maintain an arc between their extreme ends,a holder for each of the carbons, feeding mechanism to move one of theholders in the direction of the length of the carbon of the other holderwhile maintaining the arc, an electric regulator to move the othercarbon and its holder to cause said carbons to have arelative movementindependent of the feeding movement to regulate the extent of the areautomatically, a condenser lens arranged in the path of the projectedlight, and means to maintain the said condenser lens at a fixed distancefrom the arc.

42. In an electric lamp, the combination of two carbons arranged at anangle to each other so as to maintain an are between their extreme ends,a holder for each of the carbons, feeding mechanism to move one of theholders in the direction of the length of the carbon of the other holderwhile maintaining the arc, an electric regulator to move the othercarbon and its holder to cause said carbons to have a relative movementindependent of the feeding movement to regulate the extent of the areautomatically, a condenser lens arranged in the path of the projectedlight, means to maintain the said condenser lens at a fixed distancefrom the arc, and power mechanism for vibrating the condenser lens.

43. In an arc lamp, the combination of a horizontal carbon, a holder forsaid carbon, at second carbon arranged at an angle to the firstmentioned carbon adapted to maintain an are between the extreme ends ofthe carbons, means to relatively adjust the carbons to compensate forconsumption, and a condenser lens arranged in the pathof the projectedrays of light having its axis of curvature in line with the horizontalcarbon.

44:. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon,a holder for saidcarbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon and adapted to maintain an are between the extreme ends of thecarbons, means to relativelyadj ust the carbons to compensate forconsumption, a condenser lens arranged in the path of the projected raysof light, and means to vibrate the condenser lens.

45. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for saidcarbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon and adapted to maintain an are between the extreme ends of thecarbons, means to relatively adjust the carbons to compensate forconsumption, a condenser lens arranged in the path of the projected raysof light, and means to cause a relative movement between the carbonholders and condenser lens whereby the condenser lens is maintained at arelatively constant distance from the are.

46. In an arc lamp, the combination of a carbon, a holder for saidcarbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon and adapted to maintain an arc between the extreme ends of thecarbons, means to relatively adjust the carbons to compensate forconsumption, a condenser lens arranged in the path of the projected raysof light, means to cause a relative movement between the carbon holdersand condenser lens whereby the condenser lens is maintained atarelatively constant distance from the arc, and means to adjust thedistance of the condenser lens from the are.

47. In an arc lamp, the combination of a horizontal carbon, a holder forsaid carbon, a second carbon arranged at an angle to the first mentionedcarbon and adapted to maintain an arc between the extreme ends of thecarbons, means to relatively adjust the carbons to compensate forconsumption, a condenser lens arranged in the path of the projected raysof light, having its axis of curvature in line with the horizontalcarbon and means to adjust the condenser lens to or from the arc.

48. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a lamp framesupported and adjustable thereon, a holder for one of the carbonscarried by the lamp frame and having a relatively fixed position, acarriage or movable part mounted to move at an angle to said relativelyfixed carbon, a holder for the other carbon carried by the carriage ormovable part and adapted to hold the last mentioned carbon at an angleto the first mentioned carbon, a feeding device for feeding the carriageor movable part at an oblique angle to the first mentioned carbon andits holder, and a feeding device for feeding the lamp frame upon themain frame.

49. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a lamp framesupported and adj ustable thereon, a holder for one of the carbonscarried by thelamp frame and having a relatively fixed position, acarriage or movable part mounted at an angle to said relatively fixedcarbon, holder for the other carbon carried by the carriage or movablepart and adapted to hold the last mentioned carbon at an angle to thefirst mentioned carbon, a feeding device for feeding the carriage ormovable part at an oblique angle to the first mentioned carbon and itsholder, a feeding device for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame,and connecting mechanism whereby the corresponding operation of bothfeeding devices is simultaneously made.

50. In an arc lamp, the combination of a main frame, a lamp framesupported and adjustable thereon, a holder for one of the carbonscarried by the lamp frame and having a relatively fixed position, acarriage or movable part mounted to move at an angle to said relativelyfixed carbon, a holder for the other carbon carried by the carriage ormovable part and adapted to hold thelast mentioned carbon at an angle tothe first mentioned carbon, feeding devices for feeding the carriage ormovable part at an oblique angle to the first mentioned carbon and itsholder, feeding devices for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame,connecting mechanism whereby the corresponding operation of both feedingdevices is simultaneously made but in opposite directions, and acondensing lens arranged in the path of the projected rays.

51. In an electric lamp, the combination of the frame D having theoblique guides D and D a horizontal carbon holder E having thecore E, asolenoid F carried by the frame D, a carriage G having a carbon holder Hadapted to work in the oblique guides, and an oblique feeding screw Ifor feeding the carriage G obliquely.

52. In an electric lamp, the combination of the frame D having theobliqueguides D and D a horizontal carbon holder E having the core E, asolenoid F carried by the frame D, a carriage G having a carbon holder Hadapted to work in the oblique guides, an oblique feeding screw I forfeeding the carriage G obliquely, a support for the frame D, and meansto adjust the said frame laterally upon its support.

53. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a horizontal holderfor one of the carbons, an electric regulator to move the said holder toregulate the arc, oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movablecarriage carried by the oblique guides and carrying a carbon holder forthe other carbon, an oblique screw for feeding the carriage upon theoblique guides, a main frame over which the lamp frame travels, afeeding screw for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame in anopposite direction to the travel of carriage upon the lamp frame, andconnecting gearing between the screws whereby the operation of onesimultaneously operates the other.

54. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a horizontal holderfor one of the carbons, an electric regulatorto move the said holder toregulate the arc, oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movablecarriage carried by the oblique guides and carrying a carbon holder forthe other carbon, an oblique screw for feeding the carriage upon theoblique guides, a main frame over which the lamp frame travels, afeeding screw for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame in anopposite direction to the travel of carriage upon the lamp frame,connecting gearing between the screws whereby the operation of onesimultaneously operates the other, and a condenser lens having its focalpoint arranged in the line of the horizontal carbon.

55. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a horizontal holderfor one of the carbons, an electric regulator to move the said holder toregulate the arc, oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movablecarriage carried by the oblique guides and carryinga carbon holder forthe other carbon, an oblique screw for feeding the carriage upon theoblique guides, a main frame over which the lamp frame travels, afeedingscrew for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame in an oppositedirection to the travel of carriage upon the lamp frame, connectinggearing be tween the screws whereby the operation of ITO onesimultaneously operates the other, a condenser lens having its focalpoint arranged in the line of the horizontal carbon, and means tovibrate the said condensing lens.

56. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a horizontal holderfor one of the carbons, an electric regulator to move the said holder toregulate the arc, oblique guides car- I ried by the lamp frame, amovable carriage carried by the oblique guides and carrying a carbonholder for the other carbon, an oblique screw for feeding the carriageupon the oblique guides, a main frame over which the lamp frame travels,a feeding screw for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame in anopposite direction to the travel of the carriage upon the lamp frame,connecting gearin g between the screws whereby the operation of onesimultaneously operates the other, and an automatic regulator forautomatically operating the feeding screws to bring the carbons closertogether to compensate for the consumption thereof.

57. In an arc lamp, the combination of a lamp frame, a horizontal holderfor one of the carbons, an electric regulator to move said holder toregulate the arc, oblique guides carried by the lamp frame, a movablecarriage carried by the oblique guides and carrying a carbon holder forthe other carbon, an oblique screw for feeding the carriage upon theoblique guides, a main frame over which the lamp frame travels, afeeding screw for feeding the lamp frame upon the main frame in anopposite direction to the travel of the carriage upon the lamp frame,connecting gearing between the screws whereby the operation of onesimultaneously operates the other, an automatic regulator forautomatically operating the feeding screws to bring the carbons closertogether to compensate for the consumption thereof, and automaticregulating devices to control the said feeding mechanism operated by themovement of the horizontal carbon holder.

58. In an electric lighting apparatus, the combination of an electriclamp, a main frame therefor, a condensing lens arranged in the path ofthe rays of light, a frame supporting the said condensing lens securedto the main frame by means of springs disposed in atransverse plane, andmechanical means to vibrate the condenser lens and its frame upon themain frame of the lamp.

59. In an electric light, the combination of an electric lamp, amainframe therefor, a condensing lens arranged in the path of the rays oflight,aframe supporting the said condensing lens secured to the mainframe by means of springs disposed in a transverse plane, mechanicalmeans to vibrate the condenser lens and its frame upon the main frame ofthe lamp, and independent means for adjusting the lens in its supportingframe.

60. In an electric lighting apparatus, the combination of an arc lamp, acondensinglens, means for collecting substantially all of the rays oflight and concentrating them at one point and from said point projectingthem upon the condensing lens whereby they are projected wholly in onedirection, and means for vibrating said condenser lens for the purposeof vibrating the beam of light.

61. In an electric lighting apparatus, the combination of an arc lamp,means for concentrating and deflecting the rays of light in onedirection consisting of a lens structure of transparent material, andmechanical devices for causing the concentrated beam of light to bevibrated.

62. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, a condensinglens loosely supported in front of the lamp and in the path of the beamof light therefrom, and mechanical devices for vibrating the saidcondensing lens.

63. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, a condensinglens loosely supported in front of the lamp and in the path of the beamof light therefrom, mechanical devices for vibrating the said condensinglens, and a movable support for the lamp and condensing lens, wherebythe beam of light may be projected in all directions.

64:. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, a condenserlens for projecting the beam of light in one direction, a support forthe condenser lens, an electric motor, and means connecting with theelectric motor for vibrating the condenser lens support both verticallyand laterally.

65. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, a condenserlens for projecting the beam of light in one direction, a support forthe condenser lens, an electric motor, and means connecting with theelectric motor for vibrating the condenser lens support both verticallyand laterally but in which the vertical vibrations have greater rapiditythan the lateral.

66. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, a condenserlens for concentrating the rays of light and projecting them in onedirection, an electric motor for vibrating the condensing lens, and asuitable regulator for controlling the operation of the electric motor.

67. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, a condenserlens for concentrating the rays of light and projecting them in onedirection, an electric motor for vibrating the condensing lens, asuitable regulator for controlling the operation of the electric motor,a source of electric energy, and connecting circuits between the arclamp and electric motor whereby they are operated in parallel.

68. In an electric light, the combination of an arc lamp, an adjustablecondensing lens for concentrating the rays of light into abeam andprojecting them in one direction, and mechanical devices for vibratingthe said condensing lens for the purpose of vibrating the beam of light.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand.

R. M. HUNTER.

Witnesses:

ERNEST HOWARD HUNTER, S. T. YERKES.

